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МЕЖАМЕРИКАНСКАЯ КОНВЕНЦИЯ О ВЫДАЧЕ

(по состоянию на 20 октября 2006 года)

<<< Назад


                INTER-AMERICAN CONVENTION ON EXTRADITION

                         (Caracas, 25.II.1981)

       Reaffirming their   goal   of   strengthening    international
   cooperation  in  legal  and  criminal  law matters,  which was the
   inspiration for the agreements reached in Lima on March 27,  1879,
   in Montevideo on January 23,  1889,  in Mexico City on January 28,
   1902, in Washington on February 7, 1923, in Havana on February 20,
   1928,  in  Montevideo on December 26,  1933,  in Guatemala City on
   April 12, 1934, and in Montevideo on March 19, 1940;
       Taking into   consideration  resolutions  CVII  of  the  Tenth
   Inter-American  Conference  (Caracas,  1954),  VII  of  the  Third
   Meeting  of the Inter-American Council of Jurists (Mexico,  1956),
   IV of the Fourth Meeting of that Council (Santiago,  Chile, 1959),
   and  AG/RES.91  (II-0/72),  183 (V-0/75) and 310 (VII-0/77) of the
   General Assembly of the Organization of American States,  as  well
   as  the draft Conventions proposed by the Inter-American Juridical
   Committee in 1954, 1957, 1973, and 1977;
       Believing that  the  close ties and the cooperation that exist
   in the Americas call for the extension of  extradition  to  ensure
   that crime does not go unpunished,  and to simplify procedures and
   promote mutual assistance in the field of criminal law on a  wider
   scale than provided for by the treaties in force, with due respect
   to the human rights embodied in the American  Declaration  of  the
   Rights  and  Duties  of Man and the Universal Declaration of Human
   Rights; and
       Conscious that  the  fight  against crime at the international
   level will enhance the fundamental value of  justice  in  criminal
   law matters,
       The Member States of the Organization of American States adopt
   the following Inter-American Convention on Extradition

                               Article 1

                        Obligation to Extradite

       The States  Parties  bind  themselves,  in accordance with the
   provisions of  this  Convention,  to  surrender  to  other  States
   Parties  that request their extradition persons who are judicially
   required for prosecution,  are being tried, have been convicted or
   have been sentenced to a penalty involving deprivation of liberty.

                               Article 2

                              Jurisdiction

       1. For  extradition to be granted,  the offense that gave rise
   to the request for extradition must have  been  committed  in  the
   territory of the requesting State.
       2. When the offense for which  extradition  is  requested  has
   been  committed  outside  the  territory  of the requesting State,
   extradition shall be granted provided  the  requesting  State  has
   jurisdiction  to try the offense that gave rise to the request for
   extradition and to pronounce judgment thereon.
       3. The  requested  State  may  deny  extradition  when  it  is
   competent,  according to its own  legislation,  to  prosecute  the
   person  whose  extradition  is sought for the offense on which the
   request is based.  If it denies extradition for this  reason,  the
   requested State shall submit the case to its competent authorities
   and inform the requesting State of the result.

                               Article 3

                         Extraditable Offenses

       1. For extradition to be granted,  the offense for  which  the
   person   is  sought  shall  be  punishable  at  the  time  of  its
   commission, by reason of the acts that constitute it, disregarding
   extenuating circumstances and the denomination of the offense,  by
   a penalty of not less than two years  of  deprivation  of  liberty
   under  the  laws  of  both  the requesting State and the requested
   State.  Where the principle of retroactivity of penal law  exists,
   it shall be applied only when it is favorable to the offender.
       2. If the extradition is to  be  carried  out  between  States
   whose  laws  establish minimum and maximum penalties,  the offense
   for which extradition is requested shall be punishable,  under the
   laws  of  the  requesting and the requested States,  by an average
   penalty of at least two years of deprivation of  liberty.  Average
   penalty is understood to be one-half of the sum of the minimum and
   maximum terms of each penalty of deprivation of liberty.
       3. Where  the  extradition of an offender is requested for the
   execution of a sentence  involving  deprivation  of  liberty,  the
   duration  of  the sentence still to be served must be at least six
   months.
       4. In  determining  whether extradition should be granted to a
   State having a federal form of government and separate federal and
   state  criminal  legislation,  the requested State shall take into
   consideration only the essential elements of the offense and shall
   disregard elements such as interstate transportation or use of the
   mails or other facilities of interstate commerce,  since the  sole
   purpose  of  such elements is to establish the jurisdiction of the
   federal courts of the requesting State.

                               Article 4

                    Grounds for Denying Extradition

       Extradition shall not be granted:
       1. When  the person sought has completed his punishment or has
   been granted amnesty,  pardon or grace for the offense  for  which
   extradition  is sought,  or when he has been acquitted or the case
   against  him  for  the  same  offense  has  been  dismissed   with
   prejudice.
       2. When the prosecution or punishment is barred by the statute
   of  limitations  according  to the laws of the requesting State or
   the requested State prior to the presentation of the  request  for
   extradition.
       3. When the person sought has been tried or sentenced or is to
   be  tried  before  an  extraordinary  or  ad  hoc  tribunal of the
   requesting State.
       4. When, as determined by the requested State, the offense for
   which the person is sought is  a  political  offense,  an  offense
   related  thereto,  or  an ordinary criminal offense prosecuted for
   political reasons.  The requested State may decide that  the  fact
   that  the  victim  of  the  punishable  act  in question performed
   political functions does not in itself justify the designation  of
   the offense as political.
       5. When,  from the  circumstances  of  the  case,  it  can  be
   inferred  that  persecution  for  reasons  of  race,  religion  or
   nationality is involved, or that the position of the person sought
   may be prejudiced for any of these reasons.
       6. With respect to offenses that in the requested State cannot
   be  prosecuted  unless  a  complaint  or charge has been made by a
   party having a legitimate interest.

                               Article 5

                           Specific Offenses

       No provision of this  Convention  shall  preclude  extradition
   regulated   by  a  treaty  or  Convention  in  force  between  the
   requesting State and the  requested  State  whose  purpose  is  to
   prevent  or  repress  a  specific  category  of offenses and which
   imposes on such  States  an  obligation  to  either  prosecute  or
   extradite the person sought.

                               Article 6

                            Right of Asylum

       No provision  of  this  Convention  may  be  interpreted  as a
   limitation  on  the  right  of  asylum  when   its   exercise   is
   appropriate.

                               Article 7

                              Nationality

       1. The  nationality of the person sought may not be invoked as
   a ground for denying extradition,  except  when  the  law  of  the
   requested State otherwise provides.
       2. In the case of convicted persons,  the States  Parties  may
   negotiate the mutual surrender of nationals so that they may serve
   their sentences in the States of which they are nationals.

                               Article 8

                   Prosecution by the Requested State

       If, when extradition is applicable,  a State does not  deliver
   the  person  sought,  the requested State shall,  when its laws or
   other treaties so permit,  be obligated to prosecute him  for  the
   offense with which he is charged, just as if it had been committed
   within its territory, and shall inform the requesting State of the
   judgement handed down.

                               Article 9

                           Penalties Excluded

       The States  Parties  shall  not  grant  extradition  when  the
   offense in question is punishable in the requesting State  by  the
   death penalty,  by life imprisonment,  or by degrading punishment,
   unless the  requested  State  has  previously  obtained  from  the
   requesting  State,  through  the  diplomatic  channel,  sufficient
   assurances that none of  the  above-mentioned  penalties  will  be
   imposed  on  the  person  sought  or  that,  if such penalties are
   imposed, they will not be enforced.

                               Article 10

                        Transmission of Request

       The request for extradition shall be made  by  the  diplomatic
   agent  of  the requesting State,  or,  if none is present,  by its
   consular officer, or, when appropriate, by the diplomatic agent of
   a  third  State  to  which  is entrusted,  with the consent of the
   government  of  the  requested  State,  the   representation   and
   protection  of the interests of the requesting State.  The request
   may also be  made  directly  from  government  to  government,  in
   accordance  with  such  procedure as the governments concerned may
   agree upon.

                               Article 11

                          Supporting Documents

       1. The request for extradition shall  be  accompanied  by  the
   documents listed below, duly certified in the manner prescribed by
   the laws of the requesting State:
       a. A  certified  copy  of  the  warrant  for arrest,  or other
   document of like nature, issued by a competent judicial authority,
   or  the Ministerio Publico as well as a certified copy of evidence
   that,  according to the laws of the requested State, is sufficient
   for the arrest and commitment for trial of the person sought. This
   last mentioned requirement shall not apply  if  the  laws  of  the
   requesting State and of the requested State do not so provide.  If
   the person has been tried and convicted  of  the  offense  by  the
   courts  of the requesting State,  a certified verbatim copy of the
   final judgment shall suffice.
       b. The  text  of the legal provisions that define and penalize
   the alleged crime,  as well as those of the statute of limitations
   governing prosecution and punishment.
       2. The request for extradition shall also  be  accompanied  by
   the  translation  into  the  language  of the requested State,  if
   appropriate,  of  the  documents  enumerated   in   the   previous
   paragraph,  as  well  as  by  any  personal  data that will permit
   identification  of  the   person   sought,   indication   of   his
   nationality,  and,  whenever  possible,  his  location  within the
   territory of the requested State,  photographs,  fingerprints,  or
   any other satisfactory means of identification.

                               Article 12

             Supplementary Information and Legal Assistance

       1. The  requested State,  when it considers that the documents
   presented are insufficient,  in accordance with the provisions  of
   Article  11  of  this  Convention,  shall so inform the requesting
   State as soon as possible.  The requesting State shall correct any
   omissions  or  defects  observed within a period of thirty days in
   the event the person sought is  already  detained  or  subject  to
   precautionary measures.  If, because of special circumstances, the
   requesting State is unable to correct  the  omissions  or  defects
   within  that  term,  it  may ask the requested State to extend the
   term by thirty days.
       2. The  requested  State  shall  provide,  at  no  cost to the
   requesting State, legal assistance to protect the interests of the
   requesting State before the competent authorities of the requested
   State.

                               Article 13

                           Rule of Speciality

       1. A person extradited under  this  Convention  shall  not  be
   detained,  tried  or  punished  in the territory of the requesting
   State for an offense,  committed prior to the date of the  request
   for  extradition,  other  than that for which extradition has been
   granted unless:
       a. That  person  leaves  the territory of the requesting State
   after extradition and voluntarily returns to it; or
       b. That  person does not leave the territory of the requesting
   State within thirty days after being free to do so; or
       c. The  competent authority of the requested State consents to
   that person's detention,  trial or punishment for another offense.
   In such case, the requested State may require the requesting State
   to  submit  the  documents  mentioned  in  Article  11   of   this
   Convention.
       2. When extradition has been  granted,  the  requesting  State
   shall  inform  the  requested State of the final resolution of the
   case against the person extradited.

                               Article 14

            Provisional Detention and Precautionary Measures

       1. In urgent cases,  a State Party may request by the means of
   communication  provided  for in Article 10 of this Convention,  or
   any  other  such  means,  the  detention  of  the  person  who  is
   judicially  required  for  prosecution,  is being tried,  has been
   convicted,  or  has  been  sentenced  to   a   penalty   involving
   deprivation  of  liberty,  and may also request the seizure of the
   objects related  to  the  offense.  The  request  for  provisional
   detention  shall  contain  a statement of intention to present the
   formal request  for  the  extradition  of  the  person  sought,  a
   statement of the existence of a warrant of arrest or of a judgment
   of conviction against that person issued by a judicial  authority,
   and  a  description  of  the offense.  The request for provisional
   detention shall be  the  sole  responsibility  of  the  requesting
   State.
       2. The requested State shall order provisional detention  and,
   when  appropriate,  the  seizure  of objects and shall immediately
   inform the requesting State  of  the  date  on  which  provisional
   detention commenced.
       3. If  the  request  for  extradition,  accompanied   by   the
   documents  referred  to  in Article 11 of this Convention,  is not
   presented within sixty days of the date on which  the  provisional
   detention  referred  to  in paragraph 1 of this article commenced,
   the person sought shall be set free.
       4. After  the  period  of  time  referred  to in the preceding
   paragraph has expired,  the detention of the person sought may not
   be  again  requested  except  upon  presentation  of the documents
   required under Article 11 of this Convention.

                               Article 15

                    Requests by more than One State

       When the extradition is requested by more than one  State  for
   the same offense, the requested State shall give preference to the
   request of the State in which the offense was  committed.  If  the
   requests are for different offenses,  preference shall be given to
   the State seeking the individual for the offense punishable by the
   most severe penalty,  in accordance with the laws of the requested
   State.  If  the  requests  involve  different  offenses  that  the
   requested State considers to be of equal gravity, preference shall
   be determined by the order in which the requests are received.

                               Article 16

                      Legal Rights and Assistance

       1. The person sought shall enjoy in the  requested  State  all
   the legal rights and guarantees granted by the laws of that State.
       2. The person sought shall be assisted by legal  counsel,  and
   if the official language of the country is other than his own,  he
   shall also be assisted by an interpreter.

                               Article 17

               Communication of the Extradition Decision

       The requested State shall promptly inform the requesting State
   of its decision on the request for extradition and the reasons for
   its approval or denial.

                               Article 18

                            Non bis in idem

       Once the request for extradition of a person has been  denied,
   a request may not be made again for the same offense.

                               Article 19

        Surrender of the Person Sought and Delivery of Property

       1. The  surrender  of  the  person sought to the agents of the
   requesting State shall be carried out at a place determined by the
   requested State. This place shall, if possible, be an airport from
   which direct  international  flights  depart  for  the  requesting
   State.
       2. If the request for provisional detention or for extradition
   is accompanied by a request for the seizure of documents, money or
   other objects that result from the alleged offense or may serve as
   evidence,  such  objects  shall  be  collected and deposited under
   inventory by the requested State for subsequent  delivery  to  the
   requesting  State  when the extradition is granted and even though
   the extradition is impeded by force majeure, unless the law of the
   requested State forbids such delivery. In any event, the rights of
   third parties shall not be affected.

                               Article 20

                         Deferral of Surrender

       1. When the person sought is  being  tried  or  is  serving  a
   sentence in the requested State for an offense other than that for
   which the extradition is requested,  his surrender may be deferred
   until  he  is  entitled  to  be  set  free by virtue of acquittal,
   completed service or commutation of sentence,  dismissal,  pardon,
   amnesty  or  grace.  No civil suit that the person sought may have
   pending against him in the requested State may  prevent  or  defer
   his surrender.
       2. When the surrender of the person sought would,  for reasons
   of health,  endanger his life, his surrender may be deferred until
   it would no longer pose such a danger.

                               Article 21

                         Simplified Extradition

       The requested State may grant  extradition  without  a  formal
   extradition proceeding if:
       a. Its laws do not expressly prohibit it;
       b. The  person  sought  irrevocably consents in writing to the
   extradition after being advised by  a  judge  or  other  competent
   authority  of his right to a formal extradition proceeding and the
   protection afforded by such a proceeding.

                               Article 22

             Period for Taking Custody of the Person Sought

       If the extradition has  been  granted,  the  requesting  State
   shall  take custody of the person sought within a period of thirty
   days from the date on which he was placed at its disposal.  If  it
   does not take custody within that period,  the person sought shall
   be set free  and  may  not  be  subjected  to  a  new  extradition
   procedure for the same offense or offenses.  This period, however,
   may be extended for thirty days if the requesting State is unable,
   owing to circumstances beyond its control,  to take custody of the
   person sought and escort him out of the territory of the requested
   State.

                               Article 23

                                Custody

       The agents of the requesting State who are in the territory of
   another State Party to take custody of a person whose  extradition
   has  been  granted  shall be authorized to have custody of him and
   escort him to the territory of  the  requesting  State,  provided,
   however,  that such agents shall be subject to the jurisdiction of
   the State in which they are.

                               Article 24

                                Transit

       1. If prior notification has been  given  from  government  to
   government  through  diplomatic  or consular channels,  the States
   Parties shall permit and cooperate in the  transit  through  their
   territories  of  a person whose extradition has been granted under
   the custody of agents  of  the  requesting  State  and  /  or  the
   requested State,  as the case may be,  upon presentation of a copy
   of the order granting the extradition.
       2. Such  prior  notification  shall  not be necessary when air
   transport is used and no landing is scheduled in the territory  of
   the State Party that will be flown over.

                               Article 25

                                Expenses

       Expenses incurred in the detention,  custody, maintenance, and
   transportation of both the person extradited and  of  the  objects
   referred to in Article 19 of this Convention shall be borne by the
   requested State up to the moment of surrender  and  delivery,  and
   thereafter such expenses shall be borne by the requesting State.

                               Article 26

                         Waiver of Legalization

       When the   documents  provided  for  in  this  Convention  are
   communicated through the diplomatic or consular channel, or direct
   from  government  to  government,  their legalization shall not be
   required.

                               Article 27

                               Signature

       This Convention shall be open  for  signature  by  the  member
   states of the Organization of American States.

                               Article 28

                              Ratification

       This Convention is subject to ratification. The instruments of
   ratification shall be deposited with the  General  Secretariat  of
   the Organization of American States.

                               Article 29

                               Accession

       1. This  Convention shall be open to accession by any American
   State.
       2. This Convention shall be open to accession by States having
   the status of permanent observer to the Organization  of  American
   States, following approval of the pertinent request by the General
   Assembly of the Organization.

                               Article 30

                              Reservations

       Each State  may,  at  the   time   of   signature,   approval,
   ratification,  or accession, make reservations to this Convention,
   provided that each  reservation  concerns  one  or  more  specific
   provisions  and is not incompatible with the object and purpose of
   the Convention.

                               Article 31

                            Entry into Force

       1. This Convention shall enter into force on the thirtieth day
   following  the  date  of  deposit  of  the  second  instrument  of
   ratification.
       2. For  each  State  ratifying  or  acceding to the Convention
   after the deposit of the second instrument  of  ratification,  the
   Convention  shall  enter  into  force  on  the thirtieth day after
   deposit by  such  State  of  its  instrument  of  ratification  or
   accession.

                               Article 32

                Special Cases of Territorial Application

       1. If a State Party has two or more territorial units in which
   different systems of law apply in relation to  the  matters  dealt
   with  in  this  Convention,  it  shall,  at the time of signature,
   ratification,  or accession,  declare that this  Convention  shall
   extend  to  all  its  territorial  units or only to one or more of
   them.
       2. Such    declaration   may   be   modified   by   subsequent
   declarations,  which shall expressly indicate the territorial unit
   or  units  to  which  this  Convention  applies.  Such  subsequent
   declarations shall be transmitted to the  General  Secretariat  of
   the  Organization  of American States,  and shall become effective
   thirty days after the date of their receipt.

                               Article 33

            Relations with other Conventions on Extradition

       1. This Convention shall apply  to  the  States  Parties  that
   ratify  it or accede to it and shall not supersede multilateral or
   bilateral treaties that are in force  or  were  concluded  earlier
   unless the States Parties concerned otherwise expressly declare or
   agree, respectively.
       2. The  States  Parties  may  decide  to  maintain in force as
   supplementary instruments treaties entered into earlier.

                               Article 34

                       Duration and Denunciation

       This Convention shall remain in force indefinitely, but any of
   the States Parties may denounce it. The instrument of denunciation
   shall  be  deposited  with  the   General   Secretariat   of   the
   Organization  of American States.  After one year from the date of
   deposit of the instrument of denunciation, the Convention shall no
   longer be in effect for the denouncing State,  but shall remain in
   effect for the other States Parties.

                               Article 35

          Deposit, Registration, Publication and Notification

       The original  instrument  of  this  Convention,  the  English,
   French,  Portuguese,  and  Spanish  texts  of  which  are  equally
   authentic,  shall be deposited with the General Secretariat of the
   Organization of American States, which shall send an authenticated
   copy of its text to the Secretariat  of  the  United  Nations  for
   registration and publication in accordance with Article 102 of its
   Charter.  The General Secretariat of the Organization of  American
   States shall notify the member states of that Organization and the
   states that have acceded to  the  Convention  of  the  signatures;
   deposits   of   instruments   of   ratification,   accession,   or
   denunciation;  and reservations, if any. It shall also transmit to
   them   the   declarations  referred  to  in  Article  32  of  this
   Convention.
       In witness whereof,  the undersigned Plenipotentiaries,  being
   duly  authorized  thereto  by  their respective governments,  have
   signed this Convention.

       Done at Caracas,  Republic of Venezuela,  on this twenty-fifth
   day of February, one thousand nine hundred and eighty-one.



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